FERTILIZATION IN PLANTS

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                                 FERTILIZATION IN PLANTS








A plant is a nature’s gift as they provide us with the food, oxygen, shelter, clothing, etc. They are also known as the universal or primary producers. Like all other living things, plant do respire, grow, develop, excrete and reproduce. All higher plants reproduce by fertilization. Fertilization in flowering plants was discovered by Ralph B. Strassburger in the year 1884. Let us have a brief discussion on fertilization.


  • Fertilization is the fusion of the male and the female gamete produced by the pollen grain to develop into a diploid zygote. 
  • It is a physicochemical process which occurs after the pollination of the carpel. The complete series of this process takes place in the zygote to develop into a seed.
  • In fertilization process, flowers play a major role as they are the reproductive structures of angiosperms. 
  • The process of fertilization in plants occurs when gametes in haploid conditions meet to create a zygote which is diploid. In the course of fertilization male gametes get transferred to female reproductive organs through pollinators (honey bees, birds, bats, butterflies, flower beetles) and the final product will be the formation of the embryo in a seed.
  • In flowers, the pollen grain germinates after the pollination of the carpel and grows into the style by creating the pathway for the pollen grain to move down to the ovary. 
  • The pollen tube breaks into the ovule through the micropyle and bursts into the embryo sac where the male nucleus fuses with the nucleus of the egg inside the ovule forming a diploid zygote, which later swells up and develops into a fruit.







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