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ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS

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                                       ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS Are you alone in this world? Of course not! You have many human beings surrounding you always! Similarly, if you see the population of other organisms, you will find many organisms living together. None of the organisms in this world can survive alone. This interaction between populations gives rise to population interaction. Let us learn further. Mutualism When the two different population species interact in such a manner that it is beneficial to each other, then this form of interaction is called mutualism . Lichens are a classic example of mutualism in between fungi and algae. Even plants and animals show good mutualism. Plants need some agents for pollination and seed dispersal. And these agents are the animals. Animals, in turn, are rewarded with the nectar or the fruits of the plants. But, even in mutualism , there are some cheater species, which may not reward the other species. This leads to co-e
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MODES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

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                                  MODES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction in which, a new offspring is produced from a single parent. The offspring produced are identical to each other, both physically as well as genetically. They are the exact copies of their parent cell. Hence, they are called clones. Asexual reproduction is observed in both unicellular and multicellular organisms. Features of Asexual Reproduction Single parent involved No gamete formation or fertilization The whole process takes place in a small period of time Rapid multiplication and growth Limited variation (genetically similar) Modes of Asexual Reproduction Organisms choose to reproduce asexually by different means. Some of the asexual methods are binary fission (e.g. Amoeba, bacteria), budding (e.g. Hydra), fragmentation (e.g. Planaria), spore formation (e.g. ferns) and vegetative propagation (e.g. Onion). Fission Fission means division. During asexual
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CELL ORGANELLES

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                                            CELL ORGANELLES A small organ-like structure present inside the cell is called a cell organelle. It has a particular structural makeup and performs a specific function. Depending upon the presence or absence of membrane, cell organelles can be classified into three categories, namely: Without membrane : Some cell organelles like ribosomes are not bounded by any membrane. They are present in prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic organisms. Single membrane-bound:  Some organelles are bounded by a single membrane. For example, vacuole, lysosome, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum etc. They are present only in a eukaryotic cell. Double membrane-bound : Cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast are double membrane-bound organelles. They are present only in a eukaryotic cell. https://www.toppr.com/guides/biology/the-fundamental-unit-of-life/cell-organelle/ Cell Organelle Occurrence/ Characteristic & Structure
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BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

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                                          BIO DIVERSITY CONSERVATION In Situ  Conservation Methods In-situ conservation, the conservation of species in their natural habitats, is considered the most appropriate way of conserving biodiversity. Conserving the areas where populations of species exist naturally is an underlying condition for the conservation of biodiversity. That's why protected areas form a central element of any national strategy to conserve biodiversity.    1. WILD LIFE SANCTUARY Forest areas declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild lives by protecting the ecosystem . Peppara , Periyar , Wayanad etc . 2. NATIONAL PARKS TO PROTECT WILD LIVES ALONG WITH THE PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS , NATURAL RESOURCES AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF AN ERA . ERAVIKULAM , SILENT VALLEY , ANAMUDI SHOLA , MATHIKETTAN SHOLA AND PAMBADUM SHOLA . 3. COMMUNITY RESERVES  ARE AREAS PROTECTED WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF THE P
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POLY HOUSE FARMING , PRECISION FARMING

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                              POLYHOUSE FARMING What is a polyhouse? Polyhouse or a greenhouse is a house or a structure made of translucent material like glass or polyethylene where the plants grow and develop under controlled climatic conditions. The size of structure can differ from small shacks to big-size buildings as per the need. Above all, a greenhouse is a glass house whose interiors become warm when exposed to sunbeams as the house stops the greenhouse gas to leave. So when it is cold outside, the temperature inside is survival friendly and warm for the plants. Difference between Greenhouse and Polyhouse Polyhouse is a type of greenhouse or we can say that it is a smaller version of greenhouse, where polyethylene is used as the cover. In developing countries like India, polyhouse farming is a popular greenhouse technology due to its low cost of construction and easy maintenance. Lath house is one more greenhouse technology where wood is used as the cover. Po
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